Each week, in our Ask the Editor series, Joy Taylor, The Kiplinger Tax Letter Editor, answers questions on topics submitted by readers. This week, she’s looking at questions on claiming standard deductions on your tax return. (Get a free issue of The Kiplinger Tax Letter or subscribe.)
1. What are the new amounts for 2025?
Question: Did the “One Big Beautiful Bill” (OBBB) make any changes to standard deductions?
Joy Taylor: Yes, the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act nearly doubled the standard deduction amounts, but only on a temporary basis through the end of 2025. The recently enacted OBBB not only made permanent the 2017 enhancements to the standard deduction but also further increased the amounts. Beginning with 2025 tax returns that taxpayers file next year, standard deduction amounts increase by $1,500 for joint filers, $750 for single filers and $1,125 for head-of-household filers. For 2025 returns, the standard deductions are:
- $31,500 for joint filers (plus $1,600 for each spouse 65 or older)
- $15,750 for single filers (plus $2,000 if 65 or older)
- $23,625 for head-of-household filers (plus $2,000 if 65 or older)
- $15,750 for married-filing-separately filers (plus $2,000 if 65 or older)
- Blind people get an extra $1,600 on joint returns and $2,000 on single or head-of-household returns
2. Can I claim the $6,000 senior deduction?
Question: I am married, and my spouse and I are both over age 65. We don’t itemize on Schedule A of the Form 1040. Can we claim the new $6,000 senior deduction and the standard deduction on our 2025 Form 1040?
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Joy Taylor: Yes, provided that your modified adjusted income doesn’t exceed the threshold for claiming the senior deduction. The OBBB provides for a new senior tax deduction of $6,000 per filer age 65 and older. Married couples with both spouses 65 and older can deduct $12,000 on a joint return. This deduction is available to taxpayers who claim the standard deduction and to those who itemize on Schedule A of the Form 1040 or 1040-SR. This is a temporary write-off, first taking effect on 2025 tax returns that you file next year and ending after 2028.
Not every senior qualifies. The deduction begins to phase out at modified adjusted gross incomes (or modified AGI) above $150,000 on joint returns and $75,000 on single and head-of-household returns. The deduction is fully phased out once modified AGI reaches $175,000 for single and head-of-household filers and $250,000 for joint filers. Modified AGI for this purpose is AGI plus any foreign earned income exclusion, foreign housing exclusion, and any amounts excluded from gross income because they were received from sources in Puerto Rico or American Samoa. Also, each eligible spouse must have a Social Security number to claim this write-off.
On your 2025 jointly filed Form 1040, you will be able to claim the standard deduction of $34,700 ($31,500 plus $3,200 since both of you are 65 or older) and, provided your modified AGI doesn’t exceed the monetary thresholds discussed above, the $12,000 senior deduction ($6,000 for each of you since you are both 65 or older).
3. Is there an income threshold for standard deductions?
Question: I know there is a modified AGI threshold for determining eligibility for the new $6,000 senior deduction. Is there a similar limitation for claiming standard deductions?
Joy Taylor: No. In answer 2 above, I explained that the senior deduction begins to phase out at modified AGI above $150,000 on joint returns and $75,000 on single and head-of-household returns. The standard deductions are not subject to a modified AGI threshold. So upper-income taxpayers can claim standard deductions without worrying about the write-off being phased out based on income levels.
4. Itemizing on Schedule A
Question: I always itemize deductions on Schedule A when I file my Form 1040. Can I also claim the higher standard deduction for 2025?
Joy Taylor: No. You cannot take the standard deduction if you are itemizing deductions on Schedule A. It’s an either/or situation – either you claim the standard deduction OR you itemize deductions on Schedule A. You can’t do both.
About Ask the Editor, Tax Edition
Subscribers of The Kiplinger Tax Letter and The Kiplinger Letter can ask Joy questions about tax topics. You'll find full details of how to submit questions in The Kiplinger Tax Letter and The Kiplinger Letter. (Subscribe to The Kiplinger Tax Letter or The Kiplinger Letter.)
We have already received many questions from readers on tax changes in the OBBB. In this column, we have addressed questions on changes to standard deductions. We will answer more queries on the OBBB in future Ask the Editor round-ups. So keep those questions coming!
Not all questions submitted will be published, and some may be condensed and/or combined with other similar questions and answers, as required editorially. The answers provided by our editors and experts, in this Q&A series, are for general informational purposes only. While we take reasonable precautions to ensure we provide accurate answers to your questions, this information does not and is not intended to, constitute independent financial, legal, or tax advice. You should not act, or refrain from acting, based on any information provided in this feature. You should consult with a financial or tax advisor regarding any questions you may have in relation to the matters discussed in this article.
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