What's Hurting Retirees' Confidence?

An older couple sit at a conference room table with a financial adviser. — (Image credit: Getty Images)

In 2023, the Retirement Confidence Survey conducted by the Employee Benefit Research Institute and Greenwald Research recorded its biggest decline since the global financial crisis of 2008. In EBRI’s 2024 survey, retiree confidence still hadn’t fully recovered from that significant drop. But there was also some good news. Craig Copeland, director of wealth benefits research for EBRI, explains.

What’s behind the numbers?

In this year’s survey, 74% of retirees said they are very or somewhat confident they will have enough money to live comfortably throughout retirement. That’s not a significant increase from last year, and it hasn’t returned to where it was before inflation ratcheted up in 2022. Retirees are still concerned about inflation, the increasing cost of living and potential government changes in the U.S. retirement system. Expenses for travel, entertainment and leisure were significantly higher this year.

Is there a difference between men and women?

Nearly 80% of men are confident in having enough money vs 70% of women. Married women are most confident. Divorced women, particularly those with children, are least confident because they are more likely to have spent time out of the labor force. Women who have never married are in between.

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There’s a difference between when workers expect to retire and when people actually quit.

Historically, workers say they expect to retire at a median age of 65. But retirees report leaving their jobs at a median age of 62. Half of those responding retired sooner than they expected, and about 40% of that group did so because they could afford it. But others cited reasons beyond their control, such as poor health, downsizing or other workplace changes, or caregiving responsibilities for a spouse.

Any other misconceptions on the part of workers?

A little over half of workers expect a gradual transition to retirement, but about three-quarters of retirees quit full-stop. We’ve been talking about phased retirement for more than 20 years, but the willingness of employers to make those arrangements varies. In many professions, it’s not an option because you can’t divide one job between two people.

How do people feel about working in retirement?

About 60% of workers say they are open to working in retirement, but only about one-third of retirees have actually done so. Their reasons for not working are similar to their reasons for retiring early — poor health or family caregiving, for example.

Overall, retirees appear to be a pretty content bunch.

Retirement is more expensive than they thought, but they have the resources to pay for it and aren’t as constrained as they thought they’d be. People can adapt by cutting back on spending or trading off resources for freedom or time. They’d rather have a longer retirement with less money than retire later with more.

Does that mean we don’t have a retirement crisis?

Many of the concerns are focused on current workers. Among older retirees, many had access to defined-benefit pension plans or have paid off their mortgages, so as a group, they’re pretty well-off financially. But younger workers are faced with managing their own money in defined-contribution plans instead of getting a monthly check. Middle-to-late Baby Boomers are in the worst situation because they have to rely more on defined- contribution plans but haven’t had as long to build up balances as younger workers.

Note: This item first appeared in Kiplinger Personal Finance Magazine, a monthly, trustworthy source of advice and guidance. Subscribe to help you make more money and keep more of the money you make here.

Lisa has been the editor of Kiplinger Personal Finance since June 2023. Previously, she spent more than a decade reporting and writing for the magazine on a variety of topics, including credit, banking and retirement. She has shared her expertise as a guest on the Today Show, CNN, Fox, NPR, Cheddar and many other media outlets around the nation. Lisa graduated from Ball State University and received the school’s “Graduate of the Last Decade” award in 2014. A military spouse, she has moved around the U.S. and currently lives in the Philadelphia area with her husband and two sons.