11 Places to Find Funding for Your Small Business

Friends and Family

• Interest rate: Set by lender and borrowerRepayment schedule: Set by lender and borrowerPros: Easy access to money at potentially lenient termsCons: Requires friends and/or family as funding source

It isn’t easy getting a bank loan when you are just starting out. For example, many banks require strong credit scores and a personal guarantee.

Many early-stage businesses tap friends and family for easy funding. Companies such as LendingKarma and LoanBack help entrepreneurs to formalize and manage the process of soliciting loans from your social network. For a small fee, starting around $30, your business and your sources of seed money can securely exchange money through an online platform, utilizing features like payment tracking and e-mail reminders to ensure that lenders get paid back on time.

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Credit Cards

• Interest rate: 0%-30%Repayment schedule: 30 daysPros: Readily availableCons: Expensive, relatively low borrowing limits

Using personal credit cards is another option for people starting businesses, particularly if they have good credit.

If you’re thinking of going this route, make the most of credit cards with different features for different expenses. For example, a credit card with a low interest rate, preferably a 0% introductory offer, could be used for business purchases. For large cash expenditures, use your card with no fees for cash advances, then transfer the balance to the card with the 0% interest rate.

Crowdfunding

• Interest rate: N/A (payback in form of equity or rewards)Repayment schedule: 5+ years for equity, 1+ years for rewardsPros: Access to diverse pool of backers, good way to establish engaged customer baseCons: Relatively slow process to accumulate funds

Popularized by platforms such as Indiegogo and Kickstarter, crowdfunding has evolved in the last couple of years into a viable funding alternative for those looking to start a business. Crowdfunding is a great option for entrepreneurs who may not have an established track record, but who can successfully demonstrate the viability of their venture or product to potential backers.

There are two main types of crowdfunding: reward- and equity-based. Reward crowdfunding allows entrepreneurs to receive financing by offering, say, a future product in return for capital. Equity crowdfunding allows entrepreneurs to reach investors interested in owning a piece of their start-ups.

Platforms such as SeedInvest and Crowdfunder allow you to offer equity to a pool of investors. Indiegogo and Kickstarter allow you to raise money from a pool of backers in exchange for a reward.

“Crowdfunding is an option that doesn’t look at your personal financial information at all and could provide cash for your business, particularly if it looks attractive but hasn’t hit the point where it is generating a lot of revenue,” says Gerri Detweiler, head of market education at Nav, a California-based company that helps entrepreneurs manage their business credit.

QUIZ: Test Your Small-Business Know-How

Term Loans

• Interest rate: 7%-30%Repayment schedule: 1-5 yearsPros: Short waiting time, no collateralCons: Higher interest rates

Online lenders, who offer loans without requiring you to make a trip to your local bank, have taken off in recent years. Online term loans beat traditional bank loans in efficiency and speed. You can typically fill out an online application within 15 minutes. Once all documentation is verified, you get the money deposited in your bank account in a day or two.

Companies such as Lending Club and Prosper rely on credit-scoring algorithms and third-party data to expedite the lending process and reduce the cost of originating loans for less-established firms.

Low-Interest Small Business Loans

• Interest rate: 8%-15%Repayment schedule: 1-5 yearsPros: More welcoming to less-established businesses; many include access to financial educationCons: Low borrowing limits, long application process

Small businesses that have difficulty obtaining a bank loan can generally get financing from a small-business development center (SBDC), which provides assistance to local small firms. (Look up SBDCs near your zip code.)

A number of community development financing institutions (CDFIs) — which are banks, credit unions and venture capital funds that receive funding from the Treasury Department — offer low-interest loans to small businesses. The mission of these companies is to provide capital and other resources to entrepreneurs who don’t meet the criteria banks typically require for credit score, revenue or operating history.

Microloans

• Interest rate: 8%-15%Repayment schedule: 6 months-5 yearsPros: Friendly terms, low ratesCons: Long review times

Microlenders are another source of loans for entrepreneurs. Typically offering small loans to businesses, they are a great option if you can afford to wait a while to receive funding. Generally, you’ll get solid loan terms from these lenders, such as long repayment schedules or no fees.

Microlenders such as Kiva and Accion offer small loans to businesses with relatively low interest rates (0% in the case of Kiva). These companies focus on working with small firms that are typically underserved by traditional banks.

Bank Loans

• Interest rate: 10%Repayment schedule: 5-10 yearsPros: Great terms and ratesCons: Long application process involving much documentation
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Interest rates charged by banks are typically much lower than rates charged by other lenders. As profit margins tend to be slim on small-business loans, banks try to reduce their risk as much as possible. This means that you will need to present a complete loan package, including a personal financial statement, copies of personal tax returns and sometimes even a business plan.

Banks also tend to give loans only to small businesses with collateral and a personal guarantee from the owner. Local banks may be better options because they know the local credit conditions. They often provide more access to a loan officer and put more emphasis on a borrower’s character rather than just the credit score.

SBA Loans

• Interest rate: Prime + APR (typically 3%-5%)Repayment schedule: 10 yearsPros: Fantastic terms and ratesCons: Long application process and a lot of paperwork

One financial product that banks are a little more eager to provide are loans backed by the Small Business Administration (SBA). The SBA doesn’t issue these loans directly. Instead, an authorized lender makes the loan, with the SBA guaranteeing a portion of it, reducing much of the risk for the lender.

The SBA offers different types of loans, of which the 7(a) loan program is the most popular. These loans can be used for a variety of purposes — working capital, buying a franchise or refinancing debt. Different lenders may interpret the SBA guidelines differently, so if you have a solid application that gets turned down by one bank, you should try another bank.

Receivable Financing

• Interest rate: 10%-35%Repayment schedule: 1-3 monthsPros: Quick access to fundsCons: Collateral required

Don’t want to take out a loan? Receivable financing is a common source of cash for businesses that get paid long after they deliver their goods or services. There are three types: invoice factoring, invoice financing and receivable-based lines of credit.

The interest rate for receivable financing is high compared with traditional bank loans, but getting the funding is relatively quick. So if you need a quick influx of cash, invoice financing can be a good short-term solution when you want to avoid lengthier loan applications.

Online firms such as BlueVine, Fundbox and StreetShares offer financing backed by unpaid invoices, while firms such as Dealstruck and P2Binvestor give you a line of credit secured by your account receivables.

Cash-Flow Loans

• Interest rate: 25%-90%Repayment schedule: 6-12 monthsPros: Quick (if not instant)Cons: Personal guarantee required (in most cases)

Borrow from cash you expect to receive in the future by promising the lender a predetermined amount of these receivables. Lenders provide you with operating funds in the interim, using your future expected cash flow as collateral for the loan.

The application process is much shorter than for a traditional bank loan. The lender will review your business’s cash flow and make a quick decision on whether or not to offer you financing. Online commerce platforms such as Amazon and PayPal offer such loans on an invitation-only basis. Online firms Kabbage and OnDeck also offer cash flow loans and require minimal paperwork.

“You can get funding in as little as 24 hours once you’ve submitted all of your documents,” says Lydia Roth, content manager at Nav and co-author of 11 Ways to Finance Your Business in 2018.

A cash flow loan can be pretty expensive. Consider it only as necessary for unexpected expenses or a rare opportunity to purchase inventory at a steep discount that will allow you to earn a high return on your investment.

Revenue Loans

• Interest rate: 20%-40%Repayment schedule: 3-5 yearsPros: No collateral requiredCons: Not many providers of revenue loans

A relatively new source of financing, revenue loans are for small businesses that have a strong potential for future earnings but can’t quality for other loans because they lack collateral, or their sales are lumpy or seasonal. Borrowers don’t give up any ownership of their businesses. Instead, they agree to pay a percentage of future revenue to investors until reaching a predetermined total return on their investments.