Sean Jackson
Understanding the cost of using electric heaters vs radiators is essential if you want to stay warm while keeping costs down.
Fortunately, heating prices are expected to remain the same for many homes this winter, according to a U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) forecast. However, households in the Midwest could see an average increase of 11% in their natural gas heating costs.
In our ongoing bid to save you money — we compare electric heaters and radiators to see which one is the cheapest heating method.
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Electric heaters: Cost of use
According to the EIA’s Electric Power Monthly report, the average cost of electricity in the U.S. is 16.83 cents per kilowatt hour or kWh. However, an electric heater for a home may use up to 4.5kWh per hour, depending on variables like space heated and time operated, according to Better Homes and Gardens.
The Missouri Division of Energy reports that you can calculate the cost to operate a space heater with the formula kilowatts multiplied by the rate you pay for electricity multiplied by the length of time the appliance runs. Divide watts by 1,000 to get kilowatts per hour. If your electric company charges you 10 cents per kilowatt hour and you run a 1,500-watt space heater for 10 hours, that will cost $1.50.
And while prices for electric heaters can vary depending on the size and type of heater, as well as where you live, the major plus point is that it can be far cheaper than turning on the whole heating system. Electric heaters, which are portable enough to carry around the house, can be handy if you just need a quick burst of heat and you’re the only one in the house.
But if you get to the point where you’re plugging in electric heaters in every room, then the cost may outweigh the cost of central heating. Heating individual rooms using portable electric heaters may seem convenient, but the cost of running electric heating is usually higher than the cost of the gas equivalent. As a rough comparison — if you use an electric heater in four rooms of the house it could be more expensive than using central heating — especially if you have a smaller home.
Another downside is that when you unplug your electric heater the heat is quickly lost. On the other hand, heat from your radiators isn’t lost instantly when the heating switches off. Plus, it can be harder to pre-set electric heaters to come on at fixed times of day — unless you buy a timer plug which you can pick up at most DIY stores or Amazon. And with Amazon Prime, you can have some models shipped for free.
Keep in mind that while electric heaters can be used for heating a single room, they shouldn’t be used to dry clothes directly or close by. Never power a heater from an extension lead as they can easily be overloaded and cause fires. It’s also worth registering your new electric heater with the manufacturer as well as any new electrical appliance you buy. It’s free to do this and means you’ll be contacted in the event of any safety issues with the product or recalls. In most cases details on how to do this with the manufacturer should be in the original box.
Radiators: Cost of use
Setting your central heating to come on at regular intervals so your house is toasty warm when you get up in the morning or when you come home after work is a luxury — compared with having to crawl out of a warm bed to switch on an electric heater or come home to a cold house.
If you’ve got radiators in every room, there’s no need to worry about some rooms being left cold, as every room in your house should be evenly heated. And if you’re not using your spare bedroom or any other room, you can easily turn off radiators you don’t use with smart heating controls and timers on thermostats.
By only heating the rooms you need in the house, you could save you a fair amount of money each year.
When it comes to the cost factor, Dr. Steve Buckley, head of data science at Loop says: “While gas central heating is less efficient in absolute terms, gas is significantly cheaper than electricity”.
This means if you want some extra heat in the lounge while watching TV or working in your upstairs office — flicking on the heating for an extra hour is an expensive way to keep warm.
Temperature is also key to saving money. The US Department of Energy recommends US households set their winter home temperature at around 68°F during daytime — and a few degrees lower while you sleep or leave the home — to save on energy costs.
The verdict
It all comes down to whether you're heating a single room or an entire house.
If you’re just using one room — for example working from your home office — and need a quick burst of heat, using an electric heater can be a money saver compared with firing up the central radiator heating system.
And electric heaters come out on top for ease of use, low maintenance and easy installation (all you have to do is plug it in).
But if you try to heat your entire home with electric heaters in each room instead of radiators — it will cost much more and won't give the same level of warmth.
If you are heating your whole house or multiple rooms in it, and are therefore using the radiators, you can still cut costs by doing small things:
- Get a home energy audit to identify fixes to optimize efficiency and comfort.
- Insulate your home with the help of energy efficiency tax credits to keep the heat in.
- Test your windows and doors and seal any drafts you come across.
- If you live in a state with deregulated energy service, you can shop providers to find lower electric rates.
Don’t own an electric heater and don’t want to invest in one right now? There are other things you can do to only heat specific rooms in your home with central heating, which could save you money.
Radiators and other space heaters approach 100 percent efficiency in their use of electricity, but you can achieve greater functional efficiency based on your heating needs. For instance, a small parlor or reading room might be warmed effectively using a radiator's 600-watt heating element, but a family of three spread out on a basement couch might make better use of a higher wattage oscillating heater. The true energy savings come from reducing the use of your whole-house furnace when spot heating is all you really want.
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