The Economic Impact of the US-China Trade War
The US-China trade war will impact US consumers and business. The decoupling process could be messy.

To help you understand what is going on in the economy, politics and beyond, our highly experienced Kiplinger Letter team will keep you abreast of the latest developments and forecasts (Get a free issue of The Kiplinger Letter or subscribe). You'll get all the latest news first by subscribing, but we publish many (but not all) of our forecasts a few days afterward online. Here’s the latest...
How precisely will tariffs affect the economy? The overall impact depends on whether President Trump continues to ease the duties he initially introduced or decides to pursue his original, aggressive approach. But some specific effects are already coming into focus.
U.S. trade with China will be up-ended, since Trump has imposed far higher tariffs on Chinese imports than the 10% rate he has applied to most countries’ imports while he seeks trade deals on a country-by-country basis. Despite exemptions from the highest duties for imported electronics from China, the two countries are effectively at war when it comes to trade.
From just $107.88 $24.99 for Kiplinger Personal Finance
Be a smarter, better informed investor.

Sign up for Kiplinger’s Free Newsletters
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice on investing, taxes, retirement, personal finance and more - straight to your e-mail.
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice - straight to your e-mail.
Beijing responded to Trump with steep levies of its own on virtually all U.S. goods. China accounts for 13% of America’s imports. That’s down from 21% in 2018 but still hefty: $439 billion in imports last year.
Let’s look at how that huge sum breaks down by product type:
- $124 billion in Chinese electronics — again, temporarily exempt from the highest new U.S. duties.
- $94 billion in machinery and instruments.
- $37 billion in clothing.
- $30 billion in toys.
- Plus $19 billion in plastic products.
- $19 billion in furniture and home furnishings.
- $16 billion in base and fabricated metals.
- Another $100 billion in miscellaneous goods.
Consumers will see many low-cost Chinese goods disappear from shelves, since many have thin profit margins and can’t be imported profitably anymore.
Multinational companies will need time to move production out of China when it comes to consumer goods that are no longer viable to export to the U.S. For instance, one city in China produces a third of the global production of socks. Moving production of low-cost goods back to the U.S. seems unlikely, despite the administration’s reshoring goals — U.S. wages are prohibitively high for that sort of low-skill labor. Manufacturing jobs here are high-wage and high-skill.
The U.S. industries most dependent on imports, from China and elsewhere: Petroleum, chemicals, autos, electronics, machinery, metals, electric gear, aviation and appliances. Each imports at least 20% of the parts and materials that they need to make their products.
About 10% of building materials are imported, though the figure is higher for home appliances, lighting, HVAC and plumbing materials.
China’s retaliation will especially target two U.S. sectors: Farming and tech.
Beijing is curtailing all exports of certain rare earth minerals, which are key to high-tech sectors like semiconductors, aviation, robotics, defense and telecom.
Chinese tariffs figure to cost American farmers access to a massive market. Farm goods comprise 8% of America’s total exports, and China’s leaders understand how politically sensitive U.S. presidents are to pain inflicted on the farm economy.
This forecast first appeared in The Kiplinger Letter, which has been running since 1923 and is a collection of concise weekly forecasts on business and economic trends, as well as what to expect from Washington, to help you understand what’s coming up to make the most of your investments and your money. Subscribe to The Kiplinger Letter.
Related content
- What’s Happening With Trump Tariffs? News, Updates and Analysis
- Trump Dials Back Most Tariffs but Targets China
- Trump's Sweeping New Tariffs Rattle Wall Street, Main Street
- Kiplinger Trade Outlook
- Kiplinger GDP Outlook
Profit and prosper with the best of Kiplinger's advice on investing, taxes, retirement, personal finance and much more. Delivered daily. Enter your email in the box and click Sign Me Up.

David is both staff economist and reporter for The Kiplinger Letter, overseeing Kiplinger forecasts for the U.S. and world economies. Previously, he was senior principal economist in the Center for Forecasting and Modeling at IHS/GlobalInsight, and an economist in the Chief Economist's Office of the U.S. Department of Commerce. David has co-written weekly reports on economic conditions since 1992, and has forecasted GDP and its components since 1995, beating the Blue Chip Indicators forecasts two-thirds of the time. David is a Certified Business Economist as recognized by the National Association for Business Economics. He has two master's degrees and is ABD in economics from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
-
Stocks Slide to Start September: Stock Market Today
Seasonal trends suggest tough times for the stock market as we round into the end of the third quarter.
-
Here's What You'd Have If You Invested $1,000 Into Sherwin-Williams 20 Years Ago
Sherwin-Williams stock has clobbered the broader market by a wide margin for a long time.
-
Where is the Foreign Dividend Boom Headed?
It's been a golden six months for foreign dividend stocks, but can any be relied on for predictable income going forward? Here are some options.
-
AI Start-ups Are Rolling in Cash
The Kiplinger Letter Investors are plowing record sums of money into artificial intelligence start-ups. Even as sales grow swiftly, losses are piling up for AI firms.
-
What is AI Worth to the Economy?
The Letter Spending on AI is already boosting GDP, but will the massive outlays being poured into the technology deliver faster economic growth in the long run?
-
Are There Opportunities to Invest in China?
Opportunities to invest in China are plentiful and, arguably, shouldn't be ignored in the U.S. Here's where to look.
-
Can President Trump Fire Fed Governor Lisa Cook?
Markets hate uncertainty, especially when it comes to monetary policy and interest rates, and questions about the Fed are compounding.
-
Bonds Pay in Good and Bad Times
Bonds can act as a financial safety net through good times and bad. But different bonds carry different returns and risks, so do your homework before investing.
-
Powell Signals Rate Cuts in His Jackson Hole Speech. Here's What Wall Street is Saying
In his speech at the Jackson Hole symposium Friday, Fed Chair Jerome Powell said current conditions "may warrant" rate cuts.
-
More Shutdown Struggles Ahead for Divided Congress
The Kiplinger Letter Failure to pass a government funding bill by September 30 would trigger a shutdown of many federal services.