5 Potentially Devastating Mistakes Pre-Retirees and Retirees Make

The road to and through retirement is filled with potholes. Some are small, and you may be able to drive right over them, but some can be devastatingly deep. They could send you on a financial tailspin with little chance of recovery.

Here are five mistakes that could hinder your retirement plans:

1. Focusing on the wrong thing.

Retirees spend a lot of time worrying about how much things will cost as they age — health care, long-term care, etc. My advice to retirees is to switch their mental energy to the other side of the ledger — their incomes. If you have enough income, and you’re managing it well, you’ll be prepared to handle those expenses as they come at you.

2. Misunderstanding risk.

No one knows for sure which way the market will go. We use different measures to aim to figure it out, but at the end of the day, it’s impossible to predict. So, it’s up to retirees to control the amount of risk they are experiencing. For many people, it’s tough to get past the idea that risk equals reward. In the second half of one’s financial life, however, you cannot afford the same kind of risk you tolerated when you were saving money for retirement.

3. Not knowing what you pay.

Many people go forward with their financial adviser’s investment strategies without understanding all the possible costs in both hidden and disclosed fees. When you add up the cost of paying your adviser, along with the trading and product costs for your investments, the fees could be upward of 3%. That means you have to get a 3% return just to break even. Don’t just nod and agree with the plan the adviser sets before you — ask questions and check costs.

4. Leaving your IRA or equivalent to your surviving spouse without considering alternatives.

Most people leave their IRA to their spouse without even thinking about how the surviving spouse’s tax status will change — from how the surviving spouse may file (single vs. married filing jointly) to how much taxable income they now have. We encourage married couples to work with their tax preparer or CPA to draw up a mock return that would reflect any possible changes to tax liability if a spouse would pass away. It’s easier to plan for this significant life event than to have to react at that moment. Other choices for bequeathing an IRA would include younger individuals (although they would be required to take required minimum distributions, the percentages to withdraw would be quite small) and a see-through trust.

5. Accepting low returns.

The stock market isn't the only place to get a decent return these days. There are many different investment vehicles designed to create lasting income in retirement, which should be the No. 1 focus of retirees. One of those vehicles is a fixed indexed annuity. By taking a portion of their money and putting it on deposit with an insurance company, retirees are able to take advantage of the upside of the market without taking on any of the downside risk. There are also options for creating assistance with potential long-term care costs — something many retirees fail to protect themselves against due to high premiums.

How can you avoid these potential problems in your retirement journey? I always encourage a person to find an adviser who specializes in the second half of an individual’s financial life and to be sure and ask how the adviser is managing their funds. Receiving good financial advice is one of the most important things you can do for your future self.

No part of this communication should be construed as an offer to buy or sell any security or provide investment advice or recommendation. Securities offered through GF Investment Services, LLC, member FINRA/SIPC, 501 North Cattlemen Road, Suite 106, Sarasota, FL 34232. (941) 441-1902. Investment advisory services offered through Global Financial Private Capital, LLC, an SEC Registered Investment Advisor. SEC registration does not imply any level of skill or training.

Kim Franke-Folstad contributed to this article.