Top 10 Tax Expenditures in 2024: The Tax Letter
Costly tax breaks will likely come under scrutiny from lawmakers trying to reduce the national debt. We review the 10 largest individual tax expenditures.


Getting the right tax advice and tips is vital in the complex tax world we live in. The Kiplinger Tax Letter helps you stay right on the money with the latest news and forecasts, with insight from our highly experienced team (Get a free issue of The Kiplinger Tax Letter or subscribe). You can only get the full array of advice by subscribing to the Tax Letter, but we will regularly feature snippets from it online, and here is one of those samples…
Taxes will be center stage in 2025 and 2026. Much of the 2017 tax law expires after 2025. Most provisions impacting individuals and estates end after 2025. These include lower tax rates, a bigger child credit, higher standard deductions, and larger lifetime estate and gift tax exemptions. Unless lawmakers act to extend the changes, they will revert to the rules that were in effect for 2017.
Extending the tax breaks won’t be easy, though politicians may feel they have no other choice. Lawmakers are loath to hike the federal debt. Decades of deficit spending have added up to a national debt of more than $34 trillion. Expect Congress to seek a way to pay for extending some or all of the tax cuts. Politicians might even use the upcoming 2025 tax debate to lower the debt. Of course, whatever happens depends in large part on who controls Congress and the presidency.

Sign up for Kiplinger’s Free E-Newsletters
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice on investing, taxes, retirement, personal finance and more - straight to your e-mail.
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice - straight to your e-mail.
Some costly current tax breaks will get lots of attention from lawmakers. So we thought we’d review the 10 largest individual tax expenditures rounded up by the staff of the nonpartisan congressional Joint Committee on Taxation.
If lawmakers want to raise revenue to offset the cost of extending the 2017 tax cuts, these are key targets. Needless to say, an army of lobbyists will defend each of them. Here are the top 10 expenditures in 2024, starting with the highest one.
- Tax breaks for pensions, retirement plans and accounts: Tax-deferred payins to 401(k)s, deductible payins to traditional IRAs, tax deferral on account earnings, etc.
- Favorable tax rates on qualified dividends and long-term capital gains: The 0%, 15% and 20% rates are much lower than the 37% top rate on ordinary income.
- The exclusion from tax for employer-provided health insurance: Employer-paid health premiums aren’t included in an employee’s taxable wages, even though the employer can deduct the amounts as a business expense.
- The $2,000 per-kid child credit and the $500 credit for other dependents
- The health premium tax credit for health insurance that is purchased through an exchange by people who have no access to affordable employer coverage.
- The refundable earned income tax credit for lower-income workers.
- Charitable contributions for filers who itemize on Schedule A of the 1040.
- The stepped-up basis for inherited property: Under the U.S. tax code, a decedent’s unrealized gains aren’t hit with federal income tax at death, and heirs step up their basis in the assets they receive, equal to fair market value on death.
- The 20% qualified business income deduction on pass-through income: People who are self-employed and individuals who own pass-through entities (such as partnerships, LLCs, S corporations and some trusts) can deduct 20% of their qualified business income, subject to restrictions for upper-incomers.
- Treating between 15% and 100% of Social Security benefits as tax-free.
This first appeared in The Kiplinger Tax Letter. It helps you navigate the complex world of tax by keeping you up-to-date on new and pending changes in tax laws, providing tips to lower your business and personal taxes, and forecasting what the White House and Congress might do with taxes. Get a free issue of The Kiplinger Tax Letter or subscribe.
Related stories
Get Kiplinger Today newsletter — free
Profit and prosper with the best of Kiplinger's advice on investing, taxes, retirement, personal finance and much more. Delivered daily. Enter your email in the box and click Sign Me Up.

Joy is an experienced CPA and tax attorney with an L.L.M. in Taxation from New York University School of Law. After many years working for big law and accounting firms, Joy saw the light and now puts her education, legal experience and in-depth knowledge of federal tax law to use writing for Kiplinger. She writes and edits The Kiplinger Tax Letter and contributes federal tax and retirement stories to kiplinger.com and Kiplinger’s Retirement Report. Her articles have been picked up by the Washington Post and other media outlets. Joy has also appeared as a tax expert in newspapers, on television and on radio discussing federal tax developments.
-
Trump's Immigration Policies and the Price of Home Healthcare: First 100 Days
President Trump's immigration policies may wallop your pocketbook if you rely on a home healthcare aide.
-
Stock Market Today: Stocks Extend a Quiet Winning Streak
The S&P 500 Index could actually close April with a monthly gain, which would be an extraordinary sign of market resilience.
-
Should You Do A Roth IRA Conversion? Nine Things to Consider
The Tax Letter Thinking of converting a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA? The Kiplinger Tax Letter Editor highlights nine factors you should consider before making a move.
-
The Economic Impact of the US-China Trade War
The Letter The US-China trade war will impact US consumers and business. The decoupling process could be messy.
-
Ask the Editor: Reader Questions, April 18 — Amended Returns
In our Ask the Editor: Taxes, April 18, round-up — Joy Taylor, The Kiplinger Tax Letter Editor, answers questions on amended returns, mortgages and deductions.
-
Trump Dials Back Most Tariffs but Targets China
The Kiplinger Letter Wall Street hopes that higher tariffs on most countries are on hold for good. But the trade war between the U.S. and China is heating up.
-
Ask the Editor: Reader Questions, April 11 — IRAs, RMDs and PTPs.
Ask the Editor: Taxes, April 11, 2025 — Joy Taylor, The Kiplinger Tax Letter Editor, answers questions on Roth IRAs, RMDs and other retirement accounts.
-
Trump's Sweeping New Tariffs Rattle Wall Street, Main Street
The Kiplinger Letter Trump is promising that the short-term pain of steep new tariffs on imports will spark a manufacturing renaissance. But they pose major risks in the near term.
-
Ask the Editor: Reader Questions, April 4 — The Tax Bill
Ask the Editor: Taxes, April 4 — Joy Taylor, The Kiplinger Tax Letter Editor, answers questions on Trump's tax package, estate tax and Muni bonds.
-
Congressional Republicans Tackle Trump's Agenda
The Kiplinger Letter Despite slim majorities in both chambers, the GOP is gearing up to overhaul taxes, border security and more.