In the past, you may have heard some lawmakers say that because of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), an “army” of 87,000 new IRS agents will be coming to audit ordinary taxpayers.
More recently, Donald Trump, who has since become President for a second term, revived the discussion about IRS hiring on social media and during press and election campaign events. He claimed that 88,000 IRS agents were being recruited to target waitresses and their tips.
That assertion evolved from earlier claims about new IRS agents since the IRA first allocated $80 billion in increased funding for the IRS over ten years. Those funds, billions of which have since been clawed back by Congress, were supposed to improve tax compliance and bring an estimated $390 billion in revenue.
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Trump’s comments increased the number of IRS agents from 87,000 to 88,000 and narrowed the focus to waitresses and their tips. (As Kiplinger has reported, the “no tax on tips” narrative gained some traction on both sides of the aisle during the 2024 presidential election campaign.)
Here’s more of what you need to know.
Related: Are Armed IRS Agents Headed to the Southern Border?
Inflation Reduction Act: 87,000 IRS agents?
The original 87,000 IRS agents figure appears to have come from a U.S. Treasury Department estimate of the level of hiring needed to maintain IRS efficiency and keep up with retirements and other staff declines.
However, the actual number of new IRS agents that will be hired remains to be seen, particularly since the IRS has struggled to attract talent in recent years and since Trump enacted a federal hiring freeze and has implemented plans to shrink the federal workforce, including significant IRS layoffs.
- Of the original $80 billion for the IRS in the Inflation Reduction Act, $45.6 billion was designated for enforcement.
- The Congressional Research Service (CRS) has pointed out that more enforcement could include legal support and investments in technologies that aid IRS investigations.
- For example, the U.S. Tax Court could receive about $150 million.
Since the new law called for more IRS hiring, under the Biden administration, there would likely have been more IRS agents in the coming years. Those new agents would have to be trained to conduct compliance audits (which takes time). Ultimately, there was supposed to be an increase in audit activity with a focus on wealthy non-filers and large corporations.
However, increased staffing at the tax agency was also supposed to include a variety of positions and roles that need to be filled at the IRS — not just enforcement agents. For example, the agency reportedly hired 5,000 new staff members two years ago.
Who gets audited by the IRS?
Since increased IRS enforcement was designed to eventually lead to more audits, a common question is whether those audits would have focused on low and middle-income earners.
A Government Accountability Office (GAO) report found that, in the past, lower-income taxpayers have seen higher-than-average IRS audit rates. Other data show that IRS audit rates for people with less than $25,000 a year in income were five times higher than for high-income taxpayers.
But so far, the Biden Treasury Department indicated that low or middle-income earners and small businesses wouldn't be the focus of increased IRS enforcement activity going forward.
Ultimately though, the IRS wanted to close an estimated $688 billion “tax gap.” (The tax gap is the difference between what people owe in taxes and what they actually pay.) To do that, the agency planned to focus on high-earners, large corporations, and complex partnerships. That was potentially good news if you’re a household making less than $400,000 a year or a small business.
But, if you are wealthy, you could have seen some increased audit activity in the coming years. Although, it’s hard to know what higher audit rates will look like, partly because IRS audit rates have historically been low and given the Trump administration's planned overhaul of the IRS, which could reduce audit rates for wealthy filers.
IRS Criminal Investigation: Armed agents?
So, it’s true that the IRS was supposed to get billions in additional funding over the next ten years, and if nothing changed during the second Trump administration, it would have used some of those funds to hire agents and other staff.
And yes, the Inflation Reduction Act is designed to increase tax compliance, which was expected to focus on wealthy people and large corporations. So, what’s the talk about armed IRS agents?
Social media posts about the IRS hiring armed agents could refer to the IRS CI, a division focusing on criminal tax case enforcement. IRS criminal investigation special agents are authorized to carry firearms in certain circumstances.
- Those approximately 2,100 agents work on cases where arrests are sometimes warranted.
- However, the IRS does not arm its typical enforcement agents, despite what you may have heard.
So, while enforcement activity, taxpayer services, and operations at the IRS were supposed to get a boost in the coming years because of the Inflation Reduction Act, you shouldn’t have to worry about a literal army of new IRS agents coming for your tax dollars — or tips. (Interestingly, President Trump has floated the idea of sending armed IRS agents to the U.S.-Mexico border.)
Instead, stay informed, and tune in to any announcements or audit requests from the IRS.
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- Tax Credits in the Inflation Reduction Act
- Does the IRS Audit Some Taxpayers More Than Others?
- IRS Audit Red Flags
- Are Thousands of IRS Agents Headed to the Border?
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