The Pandemic Has Set Gender Parity Back: But We Can Fix That

A man stands taller than a woman. An equal sign is superimposed over the image. — (Image credit: Getty Images)

As we emerge from Women’s History Month, we seem to always talk about the same old story: how true gender parity has never existed and doesn’t seem to be on the horizon.

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Historically, as we celebrated the 100th anniversary of women in our country gaining the right to vote, the United States ranked a disappointing 53rd out of 153 countries around the world in the 2020 Global Gender Gap Report from the World Economic Forum. Today, women in this country still are behind in wages, earning 82 cents for every dollar a man makes. Over a 40-year career, that could mean almost a million-dollar income loss for women.

The Pandemic Holds Up a Magnifying Glass to Inequities for Women

The pandemic has been a disaster for women, just as Helen Lewis predicted in her The Atlantic article at the start of the pandemic a year ago. Women have been and remain as the caregivers who historically and currently, risk their lives to supply that care. The pandemic “magnifies” (as Lewis comments) the need for care-giving as well as the existing economic inequities women face. Women are more likely to be single parents. So, they had no choice but to drop out of the workforce to home school and care-give. Also, even when there were two working parents as a couple, women are still likely to be the lower earner, so again, they were drafted to be the parent to stay at home.

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We can argue whether this is for economic or cultural reasons. But the effect was for women to drop out of the labor market.

‘She-cession’

U.S. women as a group have given up a decade of employment gains, according to The Washington Post. Of all the jobs lost in this country since the pandemic began, 55% of them belonged to women. That’s 5.4 million women’s jobs eliminated since February 2020, according to the National Women’s Law Center. More dramatically, in December of 2020, women accounted for all of the net job losses, the center reported. Men actually gained jobs.

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Then, 275,000 women left the workforce in January of 2021, versus 71,000 men. One reason is because men have been more able to work from home, while women hold more of the service and caregiver jobs that require personal contact. And more shocking, women represent more than half of the 7 million people out of the workforce who aren’t even counted as unemployed, although they want to work. So, in total, almost 2.4 million women have left the workforce since a year ago February, compared with fewer than 1.8 million men. Black and Latina women are suffering even more.

Gender Parity Should Start at Home

“We have come a long way, baby,” or have we? We may be exhibiting gender bias with our own babies, and not even be aware of it. Research shows that there is a real gender disparity in allowance payments to kids. Boys are paid twice as much in allowance as girls. Boys earn an average weekly allowance of $13.80 versus girls earning $6.71, according to a study by BusyKid.

Solutions to consider at home and work:

Quit giving chores a gender identity

Your dust doesn’t have a gender identity; your household’s chore list shouldn’t either. Make sure that you don’t have sexist chores within the household. It may seem “normal” to have your boys take out the garbage and your girls do the laundry. But you get to establish a new normal. You want all of your kids to learn the life skills it will take to run a household. That means that girls have to learn what could be considered “male” chores, and vice versa.

Change sick leave rules

Employers will have to start changing their rules around sick leave and paid family leave. In 2020, 75% of private industry workers had access to sick leave. However, 7 in 10 low wage workers do not have paid sick leave. The great news is that in President Biden’s new Covid Relief package, federal workers will be able to take more than three months to care for themselves or family members. Let’s hope that the private sector will follow their lead. As people return to work, companies will have to retool their policies, as women are more disproportionately hurt because they still remain the caregivers. The Biden provision expires Oct. 1, but the pandemic has shown that this change is necessary.

Expand maternity/paternity leave to include more dads

These benefits should universally extend to men and women equally. They are also good for business. The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) allows workers to take up to 12 weeks for a parental leave. Your job is protected, but your employer isn’t required to pay you for maternity leave. But interestingly, about 70% of women only take about 10 weeks off. I think that they may be concerned about their job really being there when they got back.

Overall, only 16% of all U.S. workers in the private sector worked at companies that offered paid parental leave for both birth parents, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data. And it is still a stigma for men to take paternity leave: A study found that that 73% of dads agreed that there was little support from the workplace for them to take a paternity leave. In fact, one in five were afraid of losing their jobs. The old stereotypes seem to be hanging over their heads that women should care for babies and men should bring home the bacon.

But common sense tells us that if working men and women are happier, they should be more loyal employees, so these firms are short-sighted.

We also know that when men take paternity leave, they are more engaged with their kids and with the household and what it takes to run it. Just ask a new dad how hard it is to juggle the baby and the household, and the new appreciation they have gained for their spouse.

Make ‘returnships’ a reality

The Institute for Women’s Policy Research is calling for the government to create policies to ease the re-entry of caregivers back into full-time employment. Think of a “returnship” as a full-time paid internship for adults who have been out of the workforce for a while. Path Forward, which works with about 85 employers, is an organization whose mission is to empower people to restart their careers after they have focused on caregiving, works with such companies as Walmart, Amazon, Netflix and Facebook to support retraining.

Things are changing and women are finding their voice to achieve equality, but it is not fast enough. I hope that next year, I can write an uplifting article about the great strides we have made with gender parity. But for now, I want to share the words of Malala Yousafzai who has said it best; “I raise up my voice—not so that I can shout, but so that those without a voice can be heard. … We cannot all succeed when half of us are held back.”

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Disclaimer

This article was written by and presents the views of our contributing adviser, not the Kiplinger editorial staff. You can check adviser records with the SEC or with FINRA.

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Neale Godfrey is a New York Times No. 1 bestselling author of 27 books that empower families (and their kids and grandkids) to take charge of their financial lives. Godfrey started her journey with The Chase Manhattan Bank, joining as one of the first female executives, and later became president of The First Women's Bank and founder of The First Children's Bank. Neale pioneered the topic of "kids and money," which took off after her 13 appearances on The Oprah Winfrey Show.