Why Vanguard Was Ordered to Pay a $106 Million Fine Related to Target-Date Funds
Vanguard's fine centers on December 2020 actions related to the asset manager's target-date funds and capital gains taxes. Here's what you need to know.


The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) announced Friday that The Vanguard Group, one of the world's biggest asset managers, will pay a $106.4 million fine to settle charges for "misleading statements related to capital gains distributions and tax consequences" for individuals that invested in its Vanguard Investor Target Retirement Funds (TRF) in taxable accounts.
The SEC found that in December 2020, Vanguard lowered the minimum investment for its lower-expense Institutional TRFs, to $5 million from $100 million. This prompted many retirement plan investors to sell shares of the Investor TRFs and switch to institutional target-date funds.
However, this triggered capital gains taxes for those sellers. Furthermore, retail investors who remained in the Investor TRFs faced larger capital gains distributions and tax liabilities and missed out on potential growth.

Sign up for Kiplinger’s Free E-Newsletters
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice on investing, taxes, retirement, personal finance and more - straight to your e-mail.
Profit and prosper with the best of expert advice - straight to your e-mail.
"Materially accurate information about capital gains and tax implications is critical to investors saving for their retirements," said Corey Schuster, chief of the Division of Enforcement's asset management unit, in a statement. "Firms must ensure that they are accurately describing to investors the potential risks and consequences associated with their investments."
Vanguard agreed to the $106.4 million in penalties and relief to affected investors without admitting or denying the allegations. This is in addition to a $40 million settlement it agreed to pay to settle a class action lawsuit.
What is a target-date fund?
As Kiplinger contributor and investment adviser representative Tony Drake, CFP, explains in his piece on "Is a Target-Date Fund Right for You?," target-date funds "are mutual funds, based on the year the saver plans to retire.
"The target-date fund is actively managed for the rest of your life, rebalancing to adjust risk as you get older and closer to retirement," Drake explains. However, there are several factors to consider when selecting a target-date fund, including diversification, fees, risk and asset allocation, he writes.
If you're in the market for a target-date fund or just want to know what your options are, here are six target-date funds to buy for your retirement, courtesy of Nellie Huang, senior associate editor of Kiplinger Personal Finance Magazine.
Related Content
Get Kiplinger Today newsletter — free
Profit and prosper with the best of Kiplinger's advice on investing, taxes, retirement, personal finance and much more. Delivered daily. Enter your email in the box and click Sign Me Up.
Joey Solitro is a freelance financial journalist at Kiplinger with more than a decade of experience. A longtime equity analyst, Joey has covered a range of industries for media outlets including The Motley Fool, Seeking Alpha, Market Realist, and TipRanks. Joey holds a bachelor's degree in business administration.
-
Rising AI Demand Stokes Undersea Investments
The Kiplinger Letter As demand soars for AI, there’s a need to transport huge amounts of data across oceans. Tech giants have big plans for new submarine cables, including the longest ever.
By John Miley Published
-
Return to Your Home Country to Retire: Repatriation Retirement
They came to the U.S. to live and work, but they want to retire in the old country. Here's how to juggle the move back home.
By Alina Tugend Published
-
Return to Your Home Country to Retire: Repatriation Retirement
They came to the U.S. to live and work, but they want to retire in the old country. Here's how to juggle the move back home.
By Alina Tugend Published
-
How Much Does Being Rich Matter in Retirement?
After a certain point, having more money in retirement won't make you any happier, new research shows. Instead, physical health, a sense of purpose, and a minimal amount of non-mortgage debt are more relevant.
By Christy Bieber Published
-
The Three Biggest Fears Keeping Retirees Up at Night
Here are the steps you can take to put those fears to rest and retire with confidence so you can relax and enjoy the life you've planned.
By Pam Krueger Published
-
What Can a Donor-Advised Fund Do for You? (A Lot)
DAFs and private foundations go about helping charities (and those who donate) in different ways. Each comes with its own benefits and restrictions to navigate.
By Julia Chu Published
-
Estate Planning When You Have International Assets
Estate planning gets tricky when you have assets and/or beneficiaries outside the U.S. To avoid costly inheritance mistakes, it pays to understand the basics.
By Kelsey M. Simasko, Esq. Published
-
6 Great Vacation Ideas for Wheelchair Users
These six places provide plenty of travel inspiration for people who use wheelchairs.
By Becca van Sambeck Published
-
Should You Start a Business in Retirement? Here's What You Need to Know
Whether you've always wanted to own your own company or just want to stay active or have more retirement money, starting a business in retirement is possible. Here's what to consider.
By Maurie Backman Published
-
Three Essential Estate Planning Steps to Protect Your Nest Egg
After dedicating years to building your wealth and securing your future, make sure your assets are protected and your loved ones are provided for in the future.
By Nicole Farbo, CFP® Published